أنقذوا الأرض! · Programme: Giving advice; obligation; prohibition · Grammar: should, ought to, must, don’t…
By the end of this lesson, I can:
- I can give advice with should / shouldn’t and ought to.
- I can express obligation with must and prohibition with mustn’t and Don’t…
- I can talk about forests, wild creatures and how to protect them.
- I can hear and say /ʌ/ (hunt), /ɑː/ (park) and /ɔː/ (law).
🖼️ Picture dictionary قاموس مصوّر
tap 🔊 to listen📚 كلمات الدرس
12 كلمة من هذا الدرس في القاموس المدرسي: المعنى بالعربية والفرنسية، والنطق، ومثال.
📖 Read: Ask Amira! – the eco-advice page of a teen magazine أقرأ
Do you understand? أفهم
Answer in your copybook first, then check.
- What did Aziz’s uncle do?
Answer
He shot a beautiful bird without regret.
- What mustn’t hunters do?
Answer
They mustn’t kill protected species.
- What should Lina do about the logging?
Answer
Write to the forest office with photos and dates.
- Give two ways to prevent forest fires from the text.
Answer
Don’t light fires in the forest; don’t leave glass bottles behind.
- What advice does Amira give Rayen?
Answer
Don’t stop eating; eat more vegetables, fruit and legumes and drink water instead of fizzy drinks.
🧩 Grammar القواعد
All these words are followed by the base verb (except ought to).
- Advice (a good idea): should / shouldn’t, ought to — You should plant a tree. You ought to recycle.
- Obligation (necessary, a rule): must — Offenders must pay a fine.
- Prohibition (not allowed): mustn’t or the imperative Don’t … — You mustn’t hunt here. Don’t litter!
should وought to لإسداء النّصيحة، must للإلزام (يجب)، mustn’t أو Don’t للمنع (لا يجوز / ممنوع). يأتي بعدها الفعل في صيغته الأصليّة.
Advice, obligation, prohibition
| Function | Words | Example |
|---|---|---|
| 💡 advice | should / ought to | You should switch off the lights. We ought to walk more. |
| 💡 negative advice | shouldn’t / ought not to | You shouldn’t waste water. |
| 📏 obligation | must | Factories must clean their waste. |
| 🚫 prohibition | mustn’t / Don’t … | You mustn’t cut the trees. Don’t pick the flowers! |
How strong is it?
Signs in the park
- 🚯 Don’t drop litter.
- 🔥 You mustn’t light fires.
- 🐕 Dogs must be on a lead.
- 🌼 Visitors should stay on the paths.
💬 Useful expressions عبارات مفيدة
Giving advice
Obligation and prohibition
🔊 Pronunciation النطق
Worked examples أمثلة محلولة
Try first, then read the solution.
Your friend often leaves the tap open while he brushes his teeth. Give him advice.
Step-by-step solution
- It is advice, not a rule: use should.
- Should + base verb.
✓ You should close the tap while you brush your teeth.
Sign: 🚫🔥 in a forest. Write the rule in two ways.
Step-by-step solution
- It is a prohibition.
- Use mustn’t, or the imperative Don’t.
✓ You mustn’t light fires in the forest. / Don’t light fires in the forest!
You ought eat more vegetables.
Step-by-step solution
- ought is always followed by to.
- ought to + base verb.
✓ You ought to eat more vegetables.
⚠️ Common mistakes أخطاء شائعة
⭐ Remember أحفظ
- should / ought to + verb = advice; shouldn’t = negative advice.
- must + verb = obligation; mustn’t / Don’t … = prohibition.
- No -s and no to after should and must; but ought TO.
- Logging, hunting and fires threaten forests and their creatures.
- /ʌ/ hunter – /ɑː/ park – /ɔː/ law.
Quick quiz اختبار سريع
4 questions · instant feedback1. Which sentence gives ADVICE?
2. Complete: You ought … plant more trees.
3. A person who breaks the law is an…
4. Which word has the sound /ɔː/?
✍️ Write: Rules for a green school أكتب
Your school wants to become a “green school”. Write a short text with advice, obligations and prohibitions for pupils and staff.
Steps
- Start with one sentence about why the school must be green.
- Give two or three pieces of advice with should / ought to.
- Write two rules with must and two prohibitions with mustn’t or Don’t.
- End with a slogan.
A model text to compare with (after writing mine)
Our school is our second home, so we must keep it clean and green. Every pupil should bring a reusable water bottle, and classes ought to switch off the lights at break time. Teachers should encourage us to use both sides of the paper. Everybody must put waste in the right bin, and the cleaners must water the trees twice a week in summer. You mustn’t write on the desks or the walls. Don’t pick the flowers in the school garden and don’t leave the taps running. Remember: a green school is a happy school!
One good example among many: compare, don’t copy.
😊 The lighter side استراحة
Don’t cut the branch you are sitting on.
What has roots that nobody sees, and is taller than trees?
Answer
A mountain.
Why did the tree go to the dentist? To get a root canal!
✅ Exercises تمارين
All exercises →6 exercises on three levels, with new questions every time.
- Choose the right answerTo do
- ClassifyTo do
- Situation 1To do
- Situation 2To do
Practise: Save the Earth!
True or false, complete, choose, classify and situations: instant correction with explanations.
Got the lesson? Try it yourself
6 exercises · instant correction · new questions every time
Start the exercisesPictures: Twemoji (CC-BY 4.0). Texts, explanations and exercises: Scolaire.tn.